土耳其库尔德人被排除在政变后的国家团结之外

翻译：臻武子

DIYARBAKIR, Turkey — Tens of thousands of people flocked to Station Square in Diyarbakir, Turkey’s largest Kurdish-majority city, July 31 for the biggest gathering there since a twin bomb attack bloodied a pre-election rally of the pro-Kurdish Peoples’ Democratic Party (HDP) last year. For the first time since the deadly attack, the HDP held a rally at the venue to denounce the July 15 coup attempt, but to also warn Ankara against straying from the path of democracy.

迪亚巴克尔，土耳其最大的库尔德城市——7月31日，数万群众在迪亚巴克尔的车站广场聚集，自去年对人民民主党（一个亲库尔德的左翼政党）的选举集会的两次炸弹袭击以来，这是最大的一次集会。自上次的致命袭击以来，人民民主党首次在会场举行集会，来谴责七月十五日的政变企图，同时警告安卡拉当局，不要偏离民主路线

Months-long clashes between Kurdish militants and the security forces have left Diyarbakir a wounded city, with the HDP ostracized and snubbed by the government in Ankara. Still, rally-goers vocally condemned the coup bid against President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), brandishing banners that urged both “democratic resistance” against the coup and “radical democracy” in its aftermath.

库尔德武装分子与土安全部队之间持续数月的冲突，已使迪亚巴克尔满目疮痍，同时使人民民主党被排除在安卡拉政府之外。但集会者最后仍然谴责针对埃尔多安及其正义发展党的政变，并打出主张对政变“民主抵抗”，以及“激进民主”的横幅。

With enthusiasm written all over his face, rally-goer Nevzat Ozgen told Al-Monitor, “Lending a shoulder to the democracy camp and being part of it is a duty for anyone who calls himself a human. I’m here to say no to coups and wars in our region. I’m here in the name of democracy, freedoms, humanity and living [peacefully] side by side.”

集会者Nevzat Ozgen的热情溢于言表，他激动地告诉Al-Monitor（注：由Jamal Daniel于2012年创立的媒体，主攻中东新闻，并对此进行分析），“助民主阵营一臂之力并参与到但中去是所有人的责任。我到这里就是为了反对政变以及发生在本地区的战争。我以民主、自由之名以及人与人能够和平共处的权利的名义到这里来。

The aftermath of the failed putsch has seen daily anti-coup rallies across Turkey, and the toxic climate between the AKP and the opposition has thawed to some extent amid universal condemnation of the coup. The HDP, however, has been excluded from a number of initiatives to forge national unity, including a meeting Erdogan convened with opposition leaders in his palace and a big rally scheduled for Aug. 7 in Istanbul. Similarly, Erdogan has withdrawn libel cases against people accused of “insulting” him, excluding HDP members.

在未遂政变后，全土耳其每天都有反政变的集会，正发党与反对派之间的紧张气氛也因对政变的一致谴责而在一定程度上有所缓解。然而人民民主党却被排除在建立国家团结的进程之外，这包括人民民主党的领袖未能像其他反对派的领袖一样，得以出席一次由埃尔多安召集在其官邸举行的会议。同时，人民民主党也未被允许参加定于8月7日将于伊斯坦布尔举行的大型集会。相似的，埃尔多安撤销了对“侮辱”他的人的诽谤罪指控，但人民民主党的成员未在其列。

Nevertheless, the HDP and the Kurds have taken to the streets to denounce the coup attempt. The string of rallies began in Istanbul July 23 and continued in the Kurdish-majority southeast, with the largest one in Diyarbakir.

然而，人民民主党人和库尔德人已经走上街头，谴责政变。一连串集会开始与7月23日的伊斯坦布尔，并在库尔德人占多数的东南部持续进行，最大的一次发生在迪亚巴克尔。

HDP leaders attending the July 31 rally called for the revival of peace talks to resolve the Kurdish conflict and an end to a ban on visits to Abdullah Ocalan, the leader of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) who is serving a life sentence on the prison island of Imrali, not far from Istanbul.

人民民主党领导人参加了7月31日的集会并呼吁重启解决库尔德问题的和平谈判，并恢复库尔德工人党领袖阿卜杜拉·奥贾兰的会见他人的权利。阿卜杜拉·奥贾兰被判终身监禁，被关押在伊姆拉利岛上，该岛位于伊斯坦布尔附近。

“Imrali’s isolation should end and a true peace process should resume. Our calls regarding Ocalan’s isolation are not propaganda, but a call for a settlement,” HDP co-chair SelahattinDemirtas said, as many in the crowd chanted slogans praising Ocalan, who was reportedly on the assassination list of the putschists.

随着很多地方都有民众举行集会，打出口号，赞扬奥贾兰，人民民主党的共同主席（注：这是土耳其左翼政党或者是罗贾瓦地区的库尔德左翼政党实施自治的一种制度，即一个机构内设立一个女性主席及男性主席，共同管理事务。在罗贾瓦，女性主席由女性选民选出，而男性主席由全体选民选出）Selahattin Demirtas 表示：“伊姆拉利岛上的隔离必须结束，同时（当局）应该实施真正的和平进程。我们关于奥贾兰的隔离的呼吁并非宣传，而是呼吁将其落实。” 据报道，奥贾兰被政变者列入暗杀名单中。